مجلة الاطروحة العلمية المحكمة الاطروحه للنشر العلمي
الدلالة الرقمية لاستهلاك الطاقة بدلالة التمثيل الغذائي والشغل المنجز لمطاولة السرعة لعدائي 400م حرة رجال
م.م. نعيم حميد عليوي
أ.د. مصطفى عبد الرحمن محمد
أ.د. ماجد علي موسى
كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة / جامعة البصرة
Abstract
Which constitutes many difficulties facing the player or coach and how to delay the onset of fatigue, which is a disappointing state, as this is directly related to how to consume energy in the optimal way, as we know that the body obtains this energy through the food it eats, that is, this food turns into It is converted into chemical energy that is stored in the muscle cell, and many chemical reactions take place in order to turn it into a tri-adenosine phosphate compound. When it is cleaved, the contraction and relaxation process occurs through the released energy Energy can be defined as capacity or the ability to do work. It is noted through this definition that the word work (work) means the application of force for a certain distance, meaning that there is a link between energy and work, noting that the constant muscle contraction also results in work because there is energy expended. Estimating the consumption of 7.5 kilocalories per minute while performing a specific work, this value represents the value of the steady state during the exercises. Accordingly, we need 450 kilocalories per hour of work, which constitutes a new philosophy if the intensity of this performance changes by the same size. And this matter changes if the intensity and change in size are fixed, as the metabolism process in the body remains at a high level during the period immediately following training or work, and this period is called the period of oxygen debt.
Hence, the research problem is evident in that increasing the metabolism process above its normal rates increased the catabolism process, and therefore the athlete needs recovery operations commensurate with the nature of the subsequent physical effort, and this matter requires a broad understanding and calculation of the components of the training load in the stage of overcompensation, and this is one of the important training rules in The events of higher adaptive processes of hostility.
The researcher adopted the descriptive approach, which includes physical effort (incline speed) in order to suit the nature of the research problem and its objectives.
The researcher used the intentional method, which included athletics players (the arena and field), and they represent the community of origin, and the sample that represents the category of men was taken, as the number of members of the research sample reached (14) runners from the research community of (15), where the category was taken Which contains (14) players from the governorates of (Basra – Maysan – DhiQar – Al-Muthanna), and this number constitutes (93.33%) of the community, and they represent the runners who train in the training centers for athletics, federations and sports clubs in the governorates ( Maysan, Basra, DhiQar, Samawah. The researcher conducted an exploratory experiment that lasted for one day at three o’clock in the evening on Monday at 3 o’clock in the evening corresponding to (3/10/2022), after that the researcher used measurements of height, age and mass on Saturday at three o’clock in the evening corresponding to 8/10/2022, and under the supervision Directly by the researcher and supervisors, the special tests for physical effort (speed table) were conducted, and the results were recorded by five referees accredited by the Ministry of Education and the Iraqi Central Athletics Association. The application of the experiment was conducted at Maysan International Stadium on Monday 10/10/2022, and then the experiment was applied to Al-Basra players (Al-Qurna Stadium) on Sunday, 16/10/2022, at 3:00 pm, where the researcher used the SPSS statistical bag, version 2021, to obtain the results of the study. In light of the discussion of the results, the researcher reached the following conclusions:
- A statistical description was given that gives indicators of energy consumption in an indirect way that can be relied upon in evaluating runners.
- It appeared that there are highly significant correlations between the variables, and this is due to the individual relationship, which gives an indication of working on all variables during training.
- The levels of runners were found, which gives a quantitative assessment of the extent of energy consumption to benefit from it in the process of rationing training programs.
4.Contribution percentages and their effect on the runner’s susceptibility and ability to benefit from the stage of overcompensation were found, and this was noted by the coaches and those concerned to develop the level
- Prediction equations have been found that give important numerical indications in following up the course of the training stages by finding the expected values and comparing them with the immediate values during the training
- It appeared that the pulse index was the best accuracy in calculating the calories lost during the performance, due to its direct correlation with the maximum oxygen consumption.
- It appeared that the index of work performed is affected by body mass and time in calculating calories lost during performance, but it can be adopted as a secondary indicator in the process of evaluating energy consumption eight.
As for the recommendations, they included:
- Adopting the VO2max oxygen consumption index in evaluating energy consumption through caloric neutralization.
- The work done indicator can be used as a secondary measure in evaluating energy consumption.
- The statistical description extracted by the researcher of variables can be adopted as indications that can be judged on the levels of runners .
- Four levels created by the researcher can be adopted as criteria for judging the level of training through energy consumption and the extent of their ability to resist fatigue
- Emphasizing that the training units include physical efforts to develop the requirements for effectiveness in which energy is consumed less and that recovery is quickly restored .