مجلة الاطروحة العلمية المحكمة الاطروحه للنشر العلمي
معايير تنافسية للقطن بكثافات نباتية مختلفة بين زراعة محصول فول الصويا
احمد خليل احمد
د. جاسم محمد عزيز
جامعة تكريت / كلية الزراعة
Abstract
The experiment was carried out in Kirkuk governorate – Hawija district during the summer agricultural season of 2021, with an aim of studying the efficiency of intercropping systems (IS) for cotton and soybean with different agricultural distances for cotton. The experiment was carried out according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The study included two factors. The first factor was planting distances for cotton 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 cm, and the second factor was four IS’S of planting it alone, 1 cotton line + 1 soybean line, 1 cotton line + 2 soybean lines, 2 cotton lines + 2 soybean lines.
The study results :
1- The (IS) of 2 cotton: 2 soybean achieved the highest means for the number of vegetative branches, the number of fruiting branches, the number of total opened balls, the number of unopened balls, and single plant yield. The values were 9.6 vegetative branches, 17.4 fruiting branches, 15.2 balls, 4.0 nuts balls, and 60.3 g. while IS of 1 cotton: 2 soybean gave the highest mean for the total number of balls per plant, which amounted to 20.1 balls.
2- The effect of planting distances did not have a significant effect on most of the field characteristics and yield components of the cotton crop, but the distance of 25 cm was superior in leaf area, 117.5 d cm2. The distance of 20 cm exceeded in single plant yield, 59.4 g. While the distance of 10 cm recorded the highest mean of cotton seed yield and net ginning, 7205.5 kg and 2222.9 kg, respectively.
3- The effect of the interaction between IS and planting distance for the cotton crop, where the intercropping system 1 cotton: 1 soybean at the planting distance of 10 cm gave the highest mean of the height of the first ball and cotton seed yield, 28.6 and 7358.2. While the IS of 1 cotton: 2 soybean at the planting distance of 25 cm recorded the highest means of the number of total open balls the number,of
total balls per plant and single plant yield, 16.0 balls, 21.2 balls, 65.8 g. The IS of 2 soybean: 2 cotton with the distance of 10 cm recorded the highest means of the number of vegetative branches, the number of fruiting branches, cotton seed yield, and net ginning, and the recorded means were 10.1 vegetative branches, 17.7 fruiting branches, 7221.1 kg, and 2288.4 kg, respectively.
4- Field and productivity characteristics of soybean showed non-significant differences under the effect of IS of soybean interacted with cotton planted with different planting distances.