مجلة الاطروحة العلمية المحكمة الاطروحه للنشر العلمي
الخصائص اللغوية والأسلوبية بين توفيق الحكيم وطه حسين : دراسة مقارنة
ذاكر جهاد نورالدين
جامعة شهيد مدني / كلية العلوم الانسانية / قسم اللغة العربية / اذربيجان
Abstract
Taha Hussein and Tawfiq al-Hakim are regarded as two of the most prominent figures of modern Arabic literature. Both contributed to the development of literary language and style in different ways, as each possessed a distinctive artistic personality that was clearly reflected in his writings. This brief study aims to demonstrate the differences between them in terms of language and style.
Taha Hussein’s language was characterized by eloquence, rhetorical strength, and a clear influence from classical Arabic heritage, which gave his style an intellectual and contemplative nature. His style was also marked by a rational tendency and profound analysis; therefore, the reader feels, while reading his texts, that he is encountering a thoughtful intellectual who employs language as a tool for analysis and interpretation.
As for Tawfiq al-Hakim, his language was distinguished by simplicity, flexibility, and clarity. He wrote in both Classical Arabic and colloquial Arabic, and he relied heavily on dialogue, especially in intellectual drama, where he used dialogue to reveal ideas as well as psychological and intellectual conflicts. His style was also characterized by symbolic and philosophical tendencies.
The comparison between them reveals that Taha Hussein was closer to an analytical and rhetorical style concerned with linguistic rhythm and intellectual elaboration, whereas Tawfiq al-Hakim was closer to a dramatic and dialogic style based on simplicity, symbolism, and rapid intellectual movement. Therefore, it can be said that Taha Hussein’s language addresses the mind through eloquence and analysis, while Tawfiq al-Hakim’s language addresses thought through dialogue and symbolism.
It has become evident that both writers presented distinguished models in modern Arabic literature. Taha Hussein combined depth of thought with rhetorical power, while Tawfiq al-Hakim combined simplicity of language with depth of idea, which made them among the most important innovators in modern Arabic literary language and style.