عزل وتشخيص البكتيريا المنقولة بالغذاء وتقييم النشاط المضاد للبكتيريا للببتيدات النشطة بيولوجيا المستخرجة من نبات الحلبة والحنظل

عزل وتشخيص البكتيريا المنقولة بالغذاء وتقييم النشاط المضاد للبكتيريا للببتيدات النشطة بيولوجيا المستخرجة من نبات الحلبة والحنظل

سالي باسم طالب
قسم الطب الشرعي كلية العلوم / جامعة ساوه / المثنى / العراق

ABSTRACT

Interest in plant-derived antimicrobial compounds has grown due to the rise of foodborne pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics. The antibacterial efficacy of bioactive peptides isolated from colocynth (Citrullus colocynthis) fruits and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds against foodborne bacterial strains was assessed in thus work. Using standard biochemical techniques, four bacterial species—Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus—were isolated and identified. Compared to colocynth fruits (21.89 ± 0.10 mg/ml), fenugreek seeds produced a much greater peptide concentration (23.58 ± 0.14 mg/ml). The greatest antibacterial action was shown by fenugreek peptides, especially against B. cereus (96.53 ± 0.08%) and E. coli (93.30 ± 0.04%). Both peptide extracts showed bactericidal and inhibitory actions that were dependent on concentration. Compared to bigger fractions, low-molecular-weight fractions (2–5 kDa) exhibited stronger antibacterial activity. According to these results, fenugreek and colocynth peptides are promising natural antibacterial agents that may find use in alternative antimicrobial formulations and food preservation.

Keywords: Fenugreek, Citrullus colocynthis, Bioactive peptides, Antibacterial activity, Foodborne pathogens, Minimum inhibitory concentration