مجلة الاطروحة العلمية المحكمة الاطروحه للنشر العلمي
تقييم أداء نظم ري مختلفة وتقدير الاستهلاك المائي وإنتاجية الماء لمحصول الحنطة والموارد المائية
محمد احمد صالح
ا.د. رمزي محمد شها ب
جامعة تكريت / كلية الزراعة / قسم علوم التربة
Abstract
Three adjacent and separate field experiments were carried out to grow the wheat crop for the 2020-2021 agricultural season in Salah al-Din Governorate/Samarra, which is located at latitude 43° 54´ 20.10″ and longitude 34° 08´ 20.03″ and at an altitude of 80 m above sea level. Three
irrigation systems were used in the experiment: surface irrigation (B), sprinkler irrigation (S), and drip irrigation (D), and three irrigation levels, adding 100% of the water lost from the evaporation basin, class A (I1), adding 120% of the water lost from Evaporation basin, class A (I2), adding 80% of the water lost from the evaporation basin, class A (I3), with three replicates. The results showed that the distribution uniformity (CU) and distribution uniformity of the lowest quartile (DU) for the drip irrigation system were (96.9 and 94.0%), respectively. The distribution uniformity (CU) and distribution uniformity of the lowest quartile (DU) for the sprinkler irrigation system were (88.5 and 77.0%), respectively. The efficiency of adding irrigation water (Ea) was (90.5, 92.9, and 88.6%) for drip, sprinkler, and surface irrigation systems, respectively. The reference evaporationtranspiration (ET0) was (429.3, 434.4, 530.0, 490.0, 434.4,
521.3 347.5 mm season-1) for the atmospheric evaporation basin, the field evaporation basin, the Penman-Monteith equation, the Hargreaves equation, and the irrigation treatment (I1, I2, and I3) On succession. The highest water consumption was in the (I2) treatment and for all irrigation methods during the growing season, while the lowest water consumption was in the (I3) treatment and for all irrigation methods. The sprinkler irrigation treatment for all levels outperformed the other treatments in terms of water use efficiency, and the values were (2.05, 1.92, and 2.05 kg m-3)
for the treatments (SI1, SI2, and SI3), respectively. While the water use efficiency values in the pond irrigation method were lower compared to other methods. The values were (0.90, 0.96 and 0.80 kg m-3) for the parameters (BI1, BI2 and BI3), respectively. Water productivity reached the highest values in the sprinkler irrigation system, as it was superior to
other systems, and the highest values were in the treatments (SI1 and SI3), as the values of the two treatments reached (0.49 and 0.49 m3 kg-1).
Keywords: performance of irrigation systems, water consumption, water productivity.